The medical experts consider ovarian cancer as a “silent killer” because its symptoms are difficult to identify and 70% of the patients seek medical attention in advanced stages only. For gynaecologic medicine this disorder stands as one of the most difficult conditions to recognize and address. World Ovarian Cancer Day on May 8, yearly promotes global disease awareness by putting a special emphasis on early diagnosis combined with maintaining access to proper treatment and public understanding. Your journey to better health can begin through learning about ovarian cancer together with recognizing early warning signs of the disease.
Ovarian Function and How Cancer Develops
Understanding the Ovaries
The tiny, almond-shaped ovaries exist on each side of the uterus. The female reproductive organs send progesterone and estrogen hormones through their secretions and simultaneously create eggs. The ovaries show abnormal cell multiplication that can lead to benign or malignant tumour formation as other organs do.
How Ovarian Cancer Begins
An uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells first in or near the ovaries then leads to the development of ovarian cancer. The malignant cells spread from one tissue area to neighbouring regions and later reach distinct body locations as they metastasize. Nearly every ovarian cancer form in epithelial cells that cover the surface of the ovaries as opposed to germ cell or stromal cell origins. The disease remains hard to detect at an early stage due to unprecise symptoms that can closely resemble less severe health conditions.
Common Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer
The symptoms of ovarian cancer are usually non-specific. They can mimic bladder or digestive issues. The commonly reported symptoms are mentioned:
- Persistent bloating or abdominal swelling
- Pelvic or abdominal pain
- Difficulty eating or feeling full quickly
- Urgent or frequent need to urinate
- Back pain and fatigue
- Menstrual irregularities or postmenopausal bleeding
- Unexplained weight loss
Who is at Higher Risk?
Family History of Cancer
Women who inherit BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes from family members at risk for ovarian breast and colorectal cancer develop increased chances for these diseases. People with genetic danger factors need regular access to genetic screening services along with counselling assistance.
Hormonal and Age Factors
As a person gets older the risk for developing ovarian cancer becomes stronger most dramatically after menopause. Women who delayed childbearing along with early or delayed onset of menstruation show a minor increase in ovarian cancer risk.
Endometriosis and Hormone Therapy
Long-term hormone replacement therapy (HRT) combined with endometriosis raise the probabilities of ovarian cancer occurrence. You should consult your doctor regarding additional protection methods and follow-up testing because you are on HRT.
Lifestyle and Preventive Measures
- Frequent Medical Checkups: Early detection might result from yearly pelvic exams and candid conversations with your physician about your symptoms.
- Genetic Testing: BRCA gene testing is recommended for women with a significant family history.
- Oral Contraceptives: A lower incidence of ovarian cancer has been associated with long-term usage of birth control tablets.
- Healthy Lifestyle Choices: Tobacco avoidance, frequent exercise, and a diet high in fruits and vegetables can all lower the risk of developing cancer.
Conclusion
World Ovarian Cancer Day 2025 serves as a potent reminder of the value of early detection, education, and awareness. The knowledge of personal risk combined with warning indicator awareness leads to life-saving opportunities. Seek medical help without delay because you or someone in your family might have ovarian cancer or its warning indications. Visit your gynaecologist for guidance in your options for diagnosis as well as possible therapy initiation. Our joint action will increase worldwide awareness of women’s health needs.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q.1: Can ovarian cancer be detected in early stages?
Ans: Unfortunately, it is difficult to detect ovarian cancer during early stage due to non-specific symptoms. However, women who are aware of symptoms and risk factors are more likely to consult a specialist early.
Q.2: Is ovarian cancer curable?
Ans: Yes, ovarian cancer is curable if it is diagnosed early. Even advanced can be handled with effective treatment plans such as chemotherapy and surgery.
Q.3: Are all ovarian cysts cancerous?
Ans: No. Most ovarian cysts are benign and resolve on their own. However, persistent or complex cysts may require further investigation.
Q.4: Can younger women get ovarian cancer?
Ans: Yes, but it is more common after menopause. However, younger women can develop germ cell or stromal ovarian cancers.
Medically Reviewed by — Dr. Shveta Tyagi Giri (Director – Gynae Oncology & Robotic Surgery)
